batctl - html man page (v2019.0-23-g5f7a0b9)
SYNOPSIS
batctl [options] command|debug table [parameters]
DESCRIPTION
batctl offers a convenient way to configure the batman-adv kernel mod-
ule as well as displaying debug information such as originator tables,
translation tables and the debug log. In combination with a bat-hosts
file batctl allows the use of host names instead of MAC addresses.
B.A.T.M.A.N. advanced operates on layer 2. Thus all hosts participating
in the virtual switched network are transparently connected together
for all protocols above layer 2. Therefore the common diagnosis tools
do not work as expected. To overcome these problems batctl contains the
commands ping, traceroute, tcpdump which provide similar functionality
to the normal ping(1), traceroute(1), tcpdump(1) commands, but modified
to layer 2 behaviour or using the B.A.T.M.A.N. advanced protocol. For
similar reasons, throughputmeter, a command to test network perfor-
mances, is also included.
OPTIONS
options:
-m specify mesh interface or VLAN created on top of a mesh
interface (default 'bat0')
-h print general batctl help
-v print batctl version and batman-adv version (if the mod-
ule is loaded)
commands:
interface|if [-M] [add|del iface(s)]
If no parameter is given or the first parameter is neither "add"
nor "del" the current interface settings are displayed. In
order to add or delete interfaces specify "add" or "del" as
first argument and append the interface names you wish to add or
delete. Multiple interfaces can be specified. The "-M" option
tells batctl to not automatically create the batman-adv inter-
face on "add" or to destroy it when "del" removed all interfaces
which belonged to it.
interface|if [create|destroy]
A batman-adv interface without attached interfaces can be cre-
ated using "create". The parameter "destroy" can be used to free
all attached interfaces and remove batman-adv interface.
orig_interval|it [interval]
If no parameter is given the current originator interval setting
is displayed otherwise the parameter is used to set the origina-
tor interval. The interval is in units of milliseconds.
ap_isolation|ap [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current ap isolation setting is
displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or disable
ap isolation. This command can be used in conjunction with "-m"
option to target per VLAN configurations.
bridge_loop_avoidance|bl [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current bridge loop avoidance set-
ting is displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or
disable the bridge loop avoidance. Bridge loop avoidance support
has to be enabled when compiling the module otherwise this
option won't be available.
distributed_arp_table|dat [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current distributed arp table set-
ting is displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or
disable the distributed arp table.
aggregation|ag [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current aggregation setting is dis-
played. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or disable OGM
packet aggregation.
bonding|b [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current bonding mode setting is
displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or disable
the bonding mode.
event|e [-t|-r]
batctl will monitor for events from the netlink kernel interface
of batman-adv. The local timestamp of the event will be printed
when parameter -t is specified. Parameter -r will do the same
but with relative timestamps.
fragmentation|f [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current fragmentation mode setting
is displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or dis-
able fragmentation.
network_coding|nc [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current network coding mode setting
is displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or dis-
able network coding.
multicast_mode|mm [0|1]
If no parameter is given the current multicast mode setting is
displayed. Otherwise the parameter is used to enable or disable
multicast optimizations (i.e. disabling means always sending own
multicast frames via classic flooding).
loglevel|ll [level[ level[ level]] ...]
If no parameter is given the current log level settings are dis-
played otherwise the parameter(s) is/are used to set the log
level. Level 'none' disables all verbose logging. Level 'batman'
enables messages related to routing / flooding / broadcasting.
Level 'routes' enables messages related to routes being added /
changed / deleted. Level 'tt' enables messages related to trans-
lation table operations. Level 'bla' enables messages related to
the bridge loop avoidance. Level 'dat' enables messages related
to ARP snooping and the Distributed Arp Table. Level 'nc'
enables messages related to network coding. Level 'mcast'
enables messages related to multicast optimizations. Level 'tp'
enables messages related to throughput meter. Level 'all'
enables all messages. The messages are sent to the batman-adv
debug log. Use batctl log to retrieve it. Make sure to have
debugging output enabled when compiling the module otherwise the
output as well as the loglevel options won't be available.
log|l [-n]
batctl will read the batman-adv debug log which has to be com-
piled into the kernel module. If "-n" is given batctl will not
replace the MAC addresses with bat-host names in the output.
gw_mode|gw [off|client|server] [sel_class|bandwidth]
If no parameter is given the current gateway mode is displayed
otherwise the parameter is used to set the gateway mode. The
second (optional) argument specifies the selection class (if
'client' was the first argument) or the gateway bandwidth (if
'server' was the first argument). If the node is a server this
parameter is used to inform other nodes in the network about
this node's internet connection bandwidth. Just enter any number
(optionally followed by "kbit" or "mbit") and the batman-adv
module will propagate the entered value in the mesh. Use "/" to
separate the down- and upload rates. You can omit the upload
rate and the module will assume an upload of download / 5.
default: 10000 -> 10.0/2.0 MBit
examples: 5000 -> 5.0/1.0 MBit
5000kbit
5mbit
5mbit/1024
5mbit/1024kbit
5mbit/1mbit
If the node is a gateway client the parameter will decide which
criteria to consider when the batman-adv module has to choose
between different internet connections announced by the afore-
mentioned servers.
B.A.T.M.A.N. IV:
default: 20 -> late switch (TQ 20)
examples: 1 -> fast connection
consider the gateway's advertised
throughput as well as the link quality
towards the gateway and stick with the
selection until the gateway disappears
2 -> stable connection
chooses the gateway with the best link
quality and sticks with it (ignore the
advertised throughput)
3 -> fast switch connection
chooses the gateway with the best link
quality but switches to another gateway
as soon as a better one is found
XX -> late switch connection
chooses the gateway with the best link
quality but switches to another gateway
as soon as a better one is found which
is at least XX TQ better than the cur-
rently selected gateway (XX has to be a
number between 3 and 256).
B.A.T.M.A.N. V:
default: 5000 -> late switch (5000 kbit/s throughput)
example: 1500 -> fast switch connection
switches to another gateway as soon
as a better one is found which is at
least 1500 kbit/s faster throughput
than the currently selected gateway.
Throughput is determined by evaluat-
ing which is lower: the advertised
throughput by the gateway or the max-
imum bandwidth across the entire
path.
routing_algo|ra [algorithm]
If no parameter is given the current routing algorithm configu-
ration as well as supported routing algorithms are displayed.
Otherwise the parameter is used to select the routing algorithm
for the following batX interface to be created.
Example 3: 16 or 0x0F
debug tables:
The batman-adv kernel module comes with a variety of debug
tables containing various information about the state of the
mesh seen by each individual node. These tables are exported via
debugfs and easily accessible via batctl. You will need debugfs
support compiled into your kernel and preferably have mounted
the debugfs to a well-known mountpoint. If debugfs is not
mounted batctl will attempt to do this step for you.
All of the debug tables support the following options:
-w refresh the list every second or add a number to let
it refresh at a custom interval in seconds (with optional
decimal places)
-n do not replace the MAC addresses with bat-host names
in the output
-H do not show the header of the debug table
The originator table also supports the "-t" filter option to
remove all originators from the output that have not been seen
for the specified amount of seconds (with optional decimal
places). It furthermore supports the "-i" parameter to specify
an interface for which the originator table should be printed.
If this parameter is not supplied, the default originator table
is printed.
The local and global translation tables also support the "-u"
and "-m" option to only display unicast or multicast translation
table announcements respectively.
List of debug tables:
- neighbors|n
- originators|o
- gateways|gwl
- translocal|tl
- transglobal|tg
- claimtable|cl (compile time option)
- backbonetable|bbt (compile time option)
- dat_cache|dc (compile time option)
- nc_nodes|nn (compile time option)
- mcast_flags|mf (compile time option)
translate|t MAC_address|bat-host_name|host_name|IP_address
Translates a destination (hostname, IP, MAC, bat_host-name) to
the originator mac address responsible for it.
statistics|s
Retrieve traffic counters from batman-adv kernel module. The
output may vary depending on which features have been compiled
into the kernel module.
Each module subsystem has its own counters which are indicated
by their prefixes:
mgmt - mesh protocol counters
tt - translation table counters
All counters without a prefix concern payload (pure user data)
traffic.
ping|p [-c count][-i interval][-t time][-R][-T]
MAC_address|bat-host_name|host_name|IP_address
Layer 2 ping of a MAC address or bat-host name. batctl will try
to find the bat-host name if the given parameter was not a MAC
address. It can also try to guess the MAC address using an
IPv4/IPv6 address or a hostname when the IPv4/IPv6 address was
configured on top of the batman-adv interface of the destination
device and both source and destination devices are in the same
IP subnet. The "-c" option tells batctl how man pings should be
sent before the program exits. Without the "-c" option batctl
will continue pinging without end. Use CTRL + C to stop it.
With "-i" and "-t" you can set the default interval between
pings and the timeout time for replies, both in seconds. When
run with "-R", the route taken by the ping messages will be
recorded. With "-T" you can disable the automatic translation of
a client MAC address to the originator address which is respon-
sible for this client.
traceroute|tr [-n][-T] MAC_address|bat-host_name|host_name|IP_address
Layer 2 traceroute to a MAC address or bat-host name. batctl
will try to find the bat-host name if the given parameter was
not a MAC address. It can also try to guess the MAC address
using an IPv4/IPv6 address or a hostname when the IPv4/IPv6
address was configured on top of the batman-adv interface of the
destination device and both source and destination devices are
in the same IP subnet. batctl will send 3 packets to each host
and display the response time. If "-n" is given batctl will not
replace the MAC addresses with bat-host names in the output.
With "-T" you can disable the automatic translation of a client
MAC address to the originator address which is responsible for
this client.
tcpdump|td [-c][-n][-p filter][-x filter] interface ...
batctl will display all packets that are seen on the given
interface(s). A variety of options to filter the output are
available: To only print packets that match the compatibility
number of batctl specify the "-c" (compat filter) option. If
"-n" is given batctl will not replace the MAC addresses with
bat-host names in the output. To filter the shown packet types
you can either use "-p" (dump only specified packet types) or
"-x" (dump all packet types except specified). The following
packet types are available:
1 - batman ogm packets
2 - batman icmp packets
4 - batman unicast packets
8 - batman broadcast packets
16 - batman unicast tvlv packets
32 - batman fragmented packets
64 - batman tt / roaming packets
128 - non batman packets
Example: batctl td <interface> -p 129 -> only display batman ogm
packets and non batman packets
bisect_iv [-l MAC][-t MAC][-r MAC][-s min [- max]][-o MAC][-n] logfile1
[logfile2 ... logfileN]
Analyses the B.A.T.M.A.N. IV logfiles to build a small internal
database of all sent sequence numbers and routing table changes.
This database can then be analyzed in a number of different
ways. With "-l" the database can be used to search for routing
loops. Use "-t" to trace OGMs of a host throughout the network.
Use "-r" to display routing tables of the nodes. The option "-s"
can be used to limit the output to a range of sequence numbers,
between min and max, or to one specific sequence number, min.
Furthermore using "-o" you can filter the output to a specified
originator. If "-n" is given batctl will not replace the MAC
addresses with bat-host names in the output.
throughputmeter|tp MAC
This command starts a throughput test entirely controlled by
batman module in kernel space: the computational resources
needed to align memory and copy data between user and kernel
space that are required by other user space tools may represent
a bottleneck on some low profile device.
The test consist of the transfer of 14 MB of data between the
two nodes. The protocol used to transfer the data is somehow
similar to TCP, but simpler: some TCP features are still miss-
ing, thus protocol performances could be worst. Since a fixed
amount of data is transferred the experiment duration depends on
the network conditions. The experiment can be interrupted with
CTRL + C. At the end of a successful experiment the throughput
in KBytes per second is returned, together with the experiment
duration in millisecond and the amount of bytes transferred. If
too many packets are lost or the specified MAC address is not
reachable, a message notifying the error is returned instead of
the result.
FILES
bat-hosts
This file is similar to the /etc/hosts file. You can write one
MAC address and one host name per line. batctl will search for
bat-hosts in /etc, your home directory and the current direc-
tory. The found data is used to match MAC address to your pro-
vided host name or replace MAC addresses in debug output and
logs. Host names are much easier to remember than MAC addresses.
SEE ALSO
ping(1), traceroute(1), tcpdump(1), dmesg(1), dot(1)
AUTHOR
batctl was written by Andreas Langer <an.langer@gmx.de> and Marek Lind-
ner <mareklindner@neomailbox.ch>.
This manual page was written by Simon Wunderlich <sw@simonwunder-
lich.de>, Marek Lindner <mareklindner@neomailbox.ch> and Andrew Lunn
<andrew@lunn.ch>
Linux July 17, 2015 BATCTL(8)
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